Everything about Sour Gas totally explained
Sour gas is
natural gas or any other gas containing significant amounts of
hydrogen sulfide (H
2S). According to this reference, natural gas is usually considered sour if there are more than 5.7
milligrams of H
2S per cubic meter of natural gas, which is equivalent to approximately 4
ppm by volume.
Although the terms
acid gas and
sour gas are used interchangeably, strictly speaking, a sour gas is any gas that contains hydrogen sulfide in significant amounts, whereas an
acid gas is any gas that contains significant amounts of
acidic gases such as
carbon dioxide (CO
2) or hydrogen sulfide. Thus, carbon dioxide by itself is an acid gas but it isn't a sour gas.
Before a raw natural gas containing hydrogen sulfide and/or carbon dioxide can be used, the raw gas must be treated to remove those impurities to acceptable levels, commonly by an
amine gas treating process. The removed H
2S is most often subsequently converted to by-product elemental
sulfur in a
Claus process.
Processes within oil refineries or natural gas processing plants that remove
mercaptans and/or hydrogen sulfide are commonly referred to as
sweetening processes because they result in products which no longer have the sour, foul odors of
mercaptans and hydrogen sulfide.
Hydrogen sulfide is a
toxic gas. It also places restrictions on the materials than can be used for
piping and other equipment handling sour gas, as many metals are sensitive to
sulfide stress cracking. The presence of hydrogen sulfide in gas causes lower quality burning and the production of
sulfur dioxide, and so is regulated in commercially sold gas.
Further Information
Get more info on 'Sour Gas'.
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